No, a neurological exam is not the same as a cognitive test. Both can measure memory, language, and attention. However, a neurological exam can provide a more in-depth analysis of your brain if you are experiencing symptoms such as tremors or weakness on one side of the body.

A neurological exam is a detailed evaluation of the brain and nervous system. A primary care physician or a neurologist typically conducts it.

A healthcare professional can use a neurological exam to check the overall health of your nervous system and identify any clinical signs of a nervous system disorder, such as:

The exam involves a series of several questions and tests, including:

  • Speech tests: test your fluency in speech and check whether your sentences make sense
  • Memory retention tests: involve asking about the date or where you are
  • Reflex test: measures your reflexes, such as your knee-jerk reflex
  • Sensory tests: measure your ability to feel pain and touch
  • Cranial nerve tests: examine functions such as vision and smell
  • Motor system tests: check your muscle strength, which typically involves a doctor asking you to push against their arm

The exam can typically take 1 to 2 hours to complete. If your results show that you may have a nervous system disorder, the doctor may order further tests to confirm a diagnosis.

A cognitive test is a quick assessment of brain function. A neurologist often performs it, which involves pencil and paper tests and short tasks, such as repeating a list of words.

A cognitive test can check for any problems with:

  • learning
  • remembering
  • thinking
  • using judgment

While a cognitive test can help identify potential signs of nervous system disorders, like dementia, a neurologist cannot use it to provide a diagnosis.

The test typically takes around 15 minutes to complete, and they will record your results using a scoring system.

If you are having difficulty with cognitive skills, such as memory, learning, or thinking, it’s important to speak with a healthcare professional.