Certain ADHD medications, such as Straterra, may help with symptoms of co-occurring anxiety. But others, such as Adderall or Ritalin, may worsen symptoms.
Approximately 50% of people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also experience anxiety.
But a co-occurring condition like anxiety can complicate treatment. That’s because stimulant medications commonly used for ADHD, like amphetamines and Adderall, may increase symptoms of anxiety.
Doctors often combine a variety of treatments for co-occurring ADHD and anxiety. Treatments may include:
- medications: non-stimulants like atomoxetine (Straterra) or antidepressants, like escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac), and sertraline (Zoloft)
- therapy: such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and behavioral therapy
- lifestyle adjustments: including regular exercise, adequate sleep, mindfulness meditation, and diet
The best treatment approach is highly individualized, tailored to your specific needs. Effective treatment also requires collaboration between different types of specialists, including psychiatrists, psychologists, and primary care physicians.
ADHD medications target chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters. They increase the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine.
Stimulants are often the first-line treatment for ADHD because they’re fast-acting and effective. However, these medications may worsen or cause additional symptoms of anxiety, such as increased heart rate or insomnia.
For this reason, stimulants may not be suitable for some people with both ADHD and anxiety. Non-stimulant medications and antidepressants may be a better option for those with co-occurring conditions.
| ADHD medications that may worsen anxiety (stimulants) | ADHD medications that may help with anxiety (Non-stimulants) |
| methylphenidate (Ritalin) | atomoxetine (Straterra) |
| amphetamine/dextroamphetamine (Adderall) | venlafaxine (Effexor) |
| Wellbutrin | |
| guanfacine (Intuniv) | |
| viloxazine (Qelbree) | |
| clonidine (Kapvay) |
Next steps: Work with a doctor to create a treatment plan that’s right for you
Talk with a doctor if you suspect you have both ADHD and anxiety. They can work with you to develop a tailored treatment plan that addresses symptoms of both conditions while minimizing side effects.